Classic test (310)

The serum amylase returns as 1155 U/L (normal: 40-140U/L).

Ah, you realise! This is a classic picture of acute pancreatitis – she has vomited and is describing severe, sudden-onset epigastric pain radiating around to the back which is relieved by sitting forwards.

The causes of acute pancreatitis can be learnt using the mnemonic: I GET SMASHED

I: idiopathic

G: gallstones (40%)

E: ethanol (40%)

T: trauma

S: steroid use

M: mumps and malignancy

A: autoimmune

S: scorpion venom

H: hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcaemia, hyperlipidaemia, hypothermia

E: ERCP, emboli

D: drugs

The most sensitive and specific study for pancreatitis is a CT abdomen, which may show enlargement of the pancreas with irregular contours, necrosis, pseudocysts and peri-pancreatic fat obliteration.

Which of these prognostic criteria scores could you now apply to Sally’s case?

Ranson’s Criteria

Modified Glasgow Score

GRACE Score